This document was printed from the website of the California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse for Child Welfare (CEBC), which you can access at http://www.cebc4cw.org/
This document was printed from the website of the California Evidence-Based Clearinghouse for Child Welfare (CEBC), which you can access at http://www.cebc4cw.org/
Type of Maltreatment: Not specified
Target Population: Parents participating with their child or adolescent in treatment. PEI can be easily modified for any psychosocial treatment.
Brief Description:(The information in this program outline is provided by the program representative and edited by the CEBC staff.)
The Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) has been rated by the CEBC in the area of Motivation and Engagement. The PEI is a brief intervention composed of selected motivational enhancement techniques. PEI is designed to increase parents' motivation for treatment and their ability to identify and overcome potential barriers to treatment participation. For 5 to 15 minutes during the 1st, 5th, and 7th sessions (i.e., a total of 15-45 minutes), clinicians help parents create self-motivational statements about their plans for changing their parenting behaviors, for attending the treatment sessions, and for adhering to the treatment regimen (e.g., "What steps can you take to help change your child's behavior?"). During these brief discussions, clinicians also inquire about a range of potential barriers to participating in treatment, such as problems with transportation, a lack of support from others, or the perception that treatment is too demanding or irrelevant. Through the use of a Change Plan Worksheet, clinicians help parents develop specific plans to overcome each barrier should it arise or exacerbate.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) was not designed to be conducted in a group.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) has not been tested for use in a group setting.
Recommended intensity: 5-15 minutes during the 1st, 5th, and 7th sessions
Recommended duration: Within the first 8 weeks of their child's treatment
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) does not include a homework component.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) is typically conducted in a(n): Community Agency and Outpatient Clinic.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) was designed with a Parent Component.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) addresses the following presenting problems and symptoms: Parent motivation to participate in child's treatment and the ability to overcome potential barriers to participation.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) was not designed with a Child Component.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) was not developed for children with developmental delays.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) has not been tested for children with developmental delays.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) does not have materials available in a language other than English.
There is a manual that describes how to implement this program.
There is training available for Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI).
Training contact: Matthew K. Nock, PhD, Email: nock@wjh.harvard.edu
Number of days/hours: Dr. Nock is available as needed to answer questions about this intervention
Training is obtained: Given the simplicity of the intervention, it is unlikely that on-site training will be needed.
There currently are additional qualified resources for training.
List of additional qualified resources: Manual and forms are freely available at: http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/~nock/nocklab/index.html
The typical resources for implementing Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) are: Photocopier
Could be administered by Master’s level clinician or others trained to use this technique.
Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) is rated a "3 - Promising Research Evidence" on the Scientific Rating Scale based on the published, peer-reviewed research available. The practice must have at least one study utilizing some form of control (e.g., untreated group, placebo group, matched wait list) establishing the practice's benefit over the placebo, or found it to be comparable to or better than an appropriate comparison practice. For more information on the rating of a “3 – Promising Research Evidence,” please see the Scientific Rating Scale.
Nock, M. K., & Kazdin, A. E. (2005). Randomized controlled trial of a brief intervention for increasing participation in parent management training. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(5), 872-879.
Type of Study: Randomized controlled trial
Number of participants: 76 parents or legal guardians
Population:
Location/Institution: Not given
Summary: (To include comparison groups, outcomes, measures, notable limitations) Participants were parents in a Parent Management Training (PMT) program aimed at reducing their child’s aggressive, oppositional, and antisocial behavior. Parents were randomly assigned to receive PMT plus the Participant Enhancement Intervention (PEI) or PMT alone. At baseline parent motivation was assessed with the Parent Motivation Inventory, developed by the first author. Parents were evaluated on treatment attendance, which was measured by total number of sessions and whether the parent completed the entire treatment or withdrew early. Treatment adherence was assessed with a 3-item Adherence Questionnaire, developed for this study. Parents receiving PEI reported greater readiness and perceived ability to change their parenting style and greater motivation. They also attended more treatment sessions and completed treatment at a higher rate, although completion differences were not statistically significant. They also were rated higher on treatment adherence, although this difference only appeared later in the treatment process. The authors note that the sample in this study consisted of parents who had sought treatment and may not generalize to all parents of conduct-disordered children.
Length of post-intervention follow-up: None.
Nock, M. K. & Kazdin, A. E. (2005). Randomized controlled trial of a brief intervention for increasing participation in parent management training. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73, 872-879.
Nock, M. K. & Photos, V. (In press). Parent motivation to participate in treatment: Assessment and prediction of subsequent participation. Journal of Child and Family Studies.
Manual and forms are freely available at:
http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/~nock/nocklab/index.html
Direct link to manual:
Direct link to forms:
http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/~nock/nocklab/PEI_Change%20Plan%20Worksheet.pdf
Contact name: Matthew K. Nock, PhD
Affiliation/Agency: Department of Psychology, Harvard University
Email: nock@wjh.harvard.edu
Phone: 617-496-4484
Fax: 617-496-9462
Website: http://www.wjh.harvard.edu