Childhaven Therapeutic Child Care

Scientific Rating:
2
Supported by Research Evidence
See scale of 1-5
Child Welfare Relevance Level:
High

See descriptions of 3 levels

Brief Description

The information in this program outline is provided by the program representative and edited by the CEBC staff. The Childhaven Therapeutic Child Care program has been rated by the CEBC in the area of: Interventions for Neglect.

  • Types of Maltreatment: Does not target any specific kind of maltreatment
  • Target Population: Abused, neglected, at-risk, and/or drug-affected children, one month through five years of age, referred by Child Protective Services (CPS), Child Welfare Services (CWS), Chemical Dependency Treatment Centers, Department of Health/Public Health (PH) and Economic Services Administration/Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF).

Childhaven provides therapeutic child care and other specialized treatment services to abused, neglected, at-risk, and/or drug-affected children, one month through five years of age, and their families. Children are referred by Child Protective Services, Child Welfare Services, Department of Health, or the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families Program. Early intervention and treatment services are provided 5.5 hours per day, five days a week in a licensed child-care (therapeutic/treatment milieu) setting and are designed to meet the unique needs of each child and family. Therapeutic child care is based on medical necessity, that includes diagnosis, and addresses the individual psychosocial, emotional, behavioral, developmental, and health problems presented by each child. Treatment services are provided by an interdisciplinary team including, but not limited to, the Treatment Planner and Monitor (Case Manager), Registered Nurse (Health Care Coordinator), Lead and Line staff (Therapeutic Childcare Workers) and Parent Educator. The treatment is provided in an inclusive, natural, safe, and monitored environment.

Essential Components

Therapeutic Child Care

  • Assessment resulting in appropriate Diagnostic Classification and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood (DC 0-3) or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) or International Classification of Disease (ICD) diagnosis.
  • Individual Treatment Planning and Monitoring: Child and family outcomes must be based on identified areas of concern. Services clearly document who will provide the service and the frequency, intensity and method of the service. Includes 90-day reviews and discharge planning.
  • Case Management by Licensed Clinicians· Monitoring of child and family for abuse and neglect, parental substance abuse, and compliance with safety and court ordered conditions.
  • Transportation of child to and from the program each day.
  • Nutritious meals three times a day.
  • Health care monitoring.
  • Monthly home visitation.
  • Parent education/individual coaching.· Applied parenting instruction (instruction within treatment milieu).
  • Low staff to child ratios: (1:3 for infants/toddlers and 1:5 for preschoolers, ages 2-5 years).
  • High Scope, Childhaven Personal Safety, and Anti-Bias curriculum implementation.
  • Therapeutic play.
  • Right Response curriculum: focuses on positive behavior support.
  • Therapeutic Child Care Workers: Trained, emotionally attuned and responsive caregivers interacting with children and families.
  • Childhaven Client Profile: Daily, physical, emotional and behavioral rating and documentation system.
  • Crisis response and management as needed.

Other Specialized Services based on Individual Treatment Plan Needs:

  • Developmental therapies as needed (occupational therapy, special education, speech therapy.)
  • Individual Play Therapy.
  • Creative Arts Therapy.
  • Parent Child Interaction Training (PCIT).

Child Component

Childhaven Therapeutic Child Care was designed with a child component that addresses the following presenting problems and symptoms:

  • Presenting problems and symptoms resulting from a DC0-3 or DSM diagnosis are addressed on a case-by-case basis including parent/child attachment, traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, regulatory disorders, mood disorders, eating and sleeping disruption.

Age range: 0 – 5

Developmental Delays:

This program was not developed for children with developmental delays, and has not been tested for children with developmental delays.

Parent / Caregiver Component

Childhaven Therapeutic Child Care was designed with a parent/caregiver component that addresses the following presenting problems and symptoms:

  • Presenting problems and symptoms are addressed on a case-by-case basis. Common problems and symptoms include: Domestic violence, substance abuse, mental illness, physical illness, homeless, developmental delay, depression, social isolation, parent history of child abuse or neglect.

Group Format

Childhaven Therapeutic Child Care was designed to be conducted in a group setting, and has been tested for use in a group setting.

Recommended group size:

Treatment rooms have low staff to child ratios (1:3 for infants/toddlers and 1:5 for preschoolers, ages 2-5 years).

Testing References:

Moore, E., Armsden, G., & Gogerty P. A. (1998). A twelve-year follow-up study of maltreated and at-risk children who received early therapeutic child care, Child Maltreatment, 3(1), 3-15.

Delivery Settings

Not Specified

Homework

This program does not include a homework component.

Languages

Childhaven Therapeutic Child Care has materials available in a language other than English:

Spanish

For information on which materials are available in this language, please check on the program's website or contact the program representative (contact information is listed at the bottom of this page).

Resources Needed to Run Program

The typical resources for implementing the program are:

  • Licensed Child Care Facility (with fully functional kitchen and space to meet licensing requirements)
  • Play Therapy Rooms
  • Transportation Vehicles
  • Computers

Personnel:

  • Program Director
  • Program Supervisor
  • Licensed Case Managers for ratio (1:30)
  • Child Care Workers for ratio
  • Registered Nurse
  • Parent Educator
  • Developmental Tester
  • Special Educator
  • Speech and Occupational Therapists
  • Training Manager
  • Support Staff (Cook, Janitor, Housekeeper)

Minimum Provider Qualifications

Program Director: Master's Degree with five years clinical work with disadvantaged or dysfunctional families, two years of which involve supervisory experience; or equivalent combination of education and experience. Must be a Licensed Mental Health Counselor; Independent Clinical Social Worker; or Marriage & Family Therapist. Must train to become Family Resource Coordinator.

Case Manager: Master's Degree or equivalent combination of experience and education from an accredited program. Preference given to individuals experienced in case work with disadvantaged or dysfunctional families from a variety of cultural backgrounds and those with experience in working with preschool children. Must be a Licensed Mental Health Counselor; Independent Clinical Social Worker; or Marriage & Family Therapist. Must train to become Family Resource Coordinator.

Parent Educator: Master's Degree in a related field e.g. social work, psychology, education or a B.A. with 5 years of experience in parent education and training; or equivalent education and experience. Experience working with developmentally delayed parents preferred. PCIT training/experience preferred.

Health Care Coordinator: Bachelor's in Nursing (BSN) with experience in pediatrics and community health; two years of nursing experience in the care of children in a community health or acute-care setting; prefer experience working with abused/neglected children and their families; or equivalent combination of education and experience.

Program Supervisor: Bachelor's degree (BA) from four-year college or university in Early Childhood or related field, two years teaching experience and supervisory experience; or equivalent combination of education and experience. (Must include 45 credits in Early Childhood Education in accordance with Childcare Licensing.)

Therapeutic Child Care Worker - Lead: BA/BS in Early Childhood Education/Child Development or related field* with two years experience; AA in Early Childhood Education/Child Development or related field and at least six years experience; CDA and 10 years of experience; or equivalent combination of education and experience. (*Degree in related field requires twenty clock hours or two college quarter credits of basic training that is STARS approved (State And Training Registry System for Washington State.)

Therapeutic Child Care Worker - Assistant: BA/BS in Early Childhood Education/Child Development or related field with one year experience; AA in Early Childhood Education/Child Development or related field and at least five years experience; or a HSD/GED and nine years of experience; or equivalent combination of education and experience. Degree in related field/or experience with no degree may require a minimum 9 units in ECE/Child Development.

Education and Training Resources

There is a manual that describes how to implement this program, and there is training available for this program.

Training Contact:
Training is obtained:

Formal training format is not available. Training is provided on a case-by-case basis for parties interested in learning more about our program.

Number of days/hours:

Dependent on training needed.

Implementation Information

Since Childhaven Therapeutic Child Care is highly rated on the Scientific Rating Scale, information was requested from the program representative on available pre-implementation assessments, implementation tools, and/or fidelity measures.

Show implementation information...

Pre-Implementation Assessments

There are no pre-implementation assessments to measure organizational or individual provider readiness.

Implementation Tools — for the program (e.g., implementation guides or manuals)

There is a manual for the program: Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive Therapy of depression. New York: Guilford.

Fidelity Measures

There is a fidelity measure called the Cognitive Therapy Rating Scale. The scale and manual are available in pdf versions off of the following website page: www.beckinstitute.org/FolderID/198/InfoID/480/PageVars/Library/InfoManage/Guide.htm

Relevant Published, Peer-Reviewed Research

This program is rated a "2 - Supported by Research Evidence" on the Scientific Rating Scale based on the published, peer-reviewed research available. The practice must have at least one rigorous randomized controlled trial with a sustained effect of at least 6 months. Please see the Scientific Rating Scale for more information.

Child Welfare Outcome: Child/Family Well-Being

Moore, E., Armsden, G., & Gogerty, P. L. (1998). A twelve year follow-up study of maltreated and at-risk children who received early therapeutic child care. Child Maltreatment, 3(1), 3-16.

Type of Study: Randomized controlled trial
Number of Participants: 61 during treatment, 35 at follow-up

Population:

  • Age range — 1 to 24 months at baseline, 12-14 at follow-up
  • Race/Ethnicity — (At follow-up) Treatment: 57.1 % African American, 4 % biracial, 1% Asian, 1% Caucasian, 3% Other. Control: 14.3% African American, 21.4% biracial, 28.6% Asian, 21.4% Caucasian, 14.3% Other
  • Gender — Not Specified
  • Status — Children referred for abuse or neglect by CPS, and children identified as at-risk by a medical and social service network.

Location / Institution: Seattle, WA

Summary: (To include comparison groups, outcomes, measures, notable limitations)
Children were randomly assigned to the Childhaven Therapeutic Child Care program or to standard CPS community services. At follow-up, youth completed the Youth Self Report. Parents and Teachers completed the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) or the Teacher’s Report Form. These measures assess internalizing, externalizing and other problem behaviors. Youths also completed the Personal Experiences Screening Questionnaire (PESQ), which deals with the use of alcohol and drugs. Substance abuse and violent behavior was also measured by items from the Problem Behavior Scale, completed by youth and caregivers. Finally, youth completed the Self-Perception Profile for Children, which assesses self-perceived competence across scholastic, social, athletic, and physical appearance domains. An-in home observation was also completed using the HOME method. Data were also collected from juvenile court and school files. Treatment homes were rated as providing more support for child development due to parental responsiveness and positive emotional climate and encouragement of maturity. Among those youth who were arrested in the time before the follow-up control youth were arrested at a younger age and for more serious crimes. They also had more delinquency episodes. Among those without arrests, control youth were rated as more violent and more likely to have used drugs or alcohol. Control group youth were also rated higher on aggression on the CBCL. In measures of psychosocial functioning, caregivers of control youth were more likely to report somatic complaints, anxiety/depression, social problems and internalizing behaviors. Treatment caregivers reported fewer attention problems on the CBCL. On the Self-Perception Profile, only the rating for Social Acceptance reached significance, with treatment youth rating themselves higher. No significant differences in school performance were found, with both groups having generally low grades. Limitations of the study include attrition and small sample size.

Length of post-intervention follow-up: 10 years post-intervention.

References

Armsden, G., Gogerty, P., & Jones, V. (1998). The Childhaven Client Profile System (2-5): A Daily Clinical Record for use in Therapeutic Child Care, Child Maltreatment, 3(3), 284-296.

Saunders, B. E., Berliner, L., & Hanson, R. F. (Eds). (2004). Child physical and sexual abuse: Guidelines for treatment (Revised Report: April 26, 2004). Charlston, SC: National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center. Retrieved April 6, 2008, from academicdepartments.musc.edu/ncvc/resources_prof/OVC_guidelines04-26-04.pdf

Contact Information

Name: Vicki Nino Osby, LICSW
Agency/Affiliation: Childhaven
Website: www.childhaven.org
Email:
Phone: (206) 624-6477
Fax: (206) 382-3303

Date Reviewed: June 2011 (originally reviewed in April 2008)