The information in this program outline is provided by the program representative and edited by the CEBC staff. The Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) program has been rated by the CEBC in the area of: Motivation and Engagement.

• Types of Maltreatment: Does not target any specific kind of maltreatment
• Target Population: Parents participating with their child or adolescent in treatment. PEI can be easily modified for any psychosocial treatment.

The PEI is a brief intervention composed of selected motivational enhancement techniques. PEI is designed to increase parents' motivation for treatment and their ability to identify and overcome potential barriers to treatment participation. For 5 to 15 minutes during the 1st, 5th, and 7th sessions (i.e., a total of 15-45 minutes), clinicians help parents create self-motivational statements about their plans for changing their parenting behaviors, for attending the treatment sessions, and for adhering to the treatment regimen (e.g., "What steps can you take to help change your child's behavior?"). During these brief discussions, clinicians also inquire about a range of potential barriers to participating in treatment, such as problems with transportation, a lack of support from others, or the perception that treatment is too demanding or irrelevant. Through the use of a Change Plan Worksheet, clinicians help parents develop specific plans to overcome each barrier should it arise or exacerbate.

• Clinician helps client create self-motivational statements about changing their parenting behaviors, attending treatment sessions, and adhering to treatment regimen.
• Clinician works with client to identify potential barriers to treatment participation and to generate plans to overcome such barriers should they arise during treatment.

Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) was not designed with a child component.

Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) was designed with a parent/caregiver component that addresses the following presenting problems and symptoms:

• Parent motivation to participate in child's treatment and the ability to overcome potential barriers to participation.

Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) was not designed to be conducted in a group setting, and has not been tested for use in a group setting.

Recommended Intensity:

5-15 minutes during the 1st, 5th, and 7th sessions.

Recommended Duration:

Within the first 8 weeks of their child's treatment.

This program is typically conducted in a(n):

• Community Agency
• Outpatient Clinic

This program does not include a homework component.

Participation Enhancement Intervention (PEI) does not have materials available in a language other than English.

The typical resources for implementing the program are:

• Photocopier

Could be administered by Master's level clinician or others trained to use this technique.

There is a manual that describes how to implement this program, and there is training available for this program.

Training is obtained:

Given the simplicity of the intervention, it is unlikely that on-site training will be needed.

Number of days/hours:

Dr. Nock is available as needed to answer questions about this intervention.

Additional Resources:

There currently are additional qualified resources for training:

Manual and forms are freely available at: www.wjh.harvard.edu/~nock/nocklab/index.html

This program is rated a "3 - Promising Research Evidence" on the Scientific Rating Scale based on the published, peer-reviewed research available. The practice must have at least one study utilizing some form of control (e.g., untreated group, placebo group, matched wait list study) establishing the practice's benefit over the placebo, or found it to be comparable to or better than an appropriate comparison practice. Please see the Scientific Rating Scale for more information.

Child Welfare Outcome: Child/Family Well-Being