Kinship caregivers, such as grandparents, other relatives (aunts/uncles, older siblings, etc.), and "fictive kin," who are raising children (from birth to age 18) because the children's biological parents are unable to do so
Parents (biological, foster, or adoptive) who are raising children who have experienced significant trauma
Noncustodial young incarcerated fathers of children between the ages of 2 months and 3 years; can also be used with incarcerated young mothers
Foster carers (i.e., foster parents) of children from infants to age 18 years
Birth and foster parents with young children (between 6 months and 6 years) in foster care who are beginning visitation
Parents of children birth-18 years of age who are engaged in chronic medium to high conflict postseparation
Foster, adoptive, and kinship caregivers of children or adolescents of all ages (0-21 years)
Parents whose children (aged 0-18) have been removed into the child protection system; either permanently or temporarily
Resource and birth parents of youth aged birth-21and child welfare casework staff who work with those youth
Parents of children birth to eight years of age who have been placed in out-of-home foster or relative care and are visiting with their parents
