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Definition

Multiproblem Approaches (Child & Adolescent) are defined by the CEBC as mental health interventions that were developed specifically to address multiple disorders within one problem area (i.e., different anxiety disorders) or to address multiple problem areas (i.e., anxiety and depression). While many mental health interventions are designed for one specific disorder or problem, youth with behavioral health needs often have problems in more than one area. Studies have shown that up to 80% of youth seeking mental health treatment have multiple mental health disorders. In addition, for youth with multiple mental health disorders, their treatment needs may shift during care, with changes in problem severity, functioning, or external factors leading to changes in what is the most pressing need on any given day. Multi-problem approaches, also called “transdiagnostic” or “modular” approaches, are designed to be flexible enough to address multiple disorders in a single intervention.

  • Target population: Youth with a diagnosis of a mental health disorder, or with elevated mental health symptoms, as demonstrated by a standardized screening or assessment tool
  • Services/types that fit: Outpatient services, including individual, group, or family services
  • Delivered by: Mental health professionals
  • In order to be included: Program must specifically target multiple mental health disorder as a goal
  • In order to be rated: There must be research evidence (as specified by the Scientific Rating Scale) that examines mental health-related outcomes, such changes in symptom levels, behaviors, and/or functioning.

Downloadable Topic Area Summary

Definition

Multiproblem Approaches (Child & Adolescent) are defined by the CEBC as mental health interventions that were developed specifically to address multiple disorders within one problem area (i.e., different anxiety disorders) or to address multiple problem areas (i.e., anxiety and depression). While many mental health interventions are designed for one specific disorder or problem, youth with behavioral health needs often have problems in more than one area. Studies have shown that up to 80% of youth seeking mental health treatment have multiple mental health disorders. In addition, for youth with multiple mental health disorders, their treatment needs may shift during care, with changes in problem severity, functioning, or external factors leading to changes in what is the most pressing need on any given day. Multi-problem approaches, also called “transdiagnostic” or “modular” approaches, are designed to be flexible enough to address multiple disorders in a single intervention.

  • Target population: Youth with a diagnosis of a mental health disorder, or with elevated mental health symptoms, as demonstrated by a standardized screening or assessment tool
  • Services/types that fit: Outpatient services, including individual, group, or family services
  • Delivered by: Mental health professionals
  • In order to be included: Program must specifically target multiple mental health disorder as a goal
  • In order to be rated: There must be research evidence (as specified by the Scientific Rating Scale) that examines mental health-related outcomes, such changes in symptom levels, behaviors, and/or functioning.

Downloadable Topic Area Summary

Topic Expert

The Multiproblem Approaches (Child & Adolescent) topic area was added in 2021. Lucy Berliner, MSW and Benjamin Saunders, PhD were the topic experts and were involved in identifying and rating any of the programs with an original load date in 2021 (as found on the bottom of the program's page on the CEBC) or others loaded earlier and added to this topic area when it launched. The topic area has grown over the years and any programs added since 2021 were identified by CEBC staff, the Scientific Panel, and/or the Advisory Committee. For these programs, neither Ms. Berliner nor Dr. Saunders were involved in identifying or rating them.

Topic Expert

The Multiproblem Approaches (Child & Adolescent) topic area was added in 2021. Lucy Berliner, MSW and Benjamin Saunders, PhD were the topic experts and were involved in identifying and rating any of the programs with an original load date in 2021 (as found on the bottom of the program's page on the CEBC) or others loaded earlier and added to this topic area when it launched. The topic area has grown over the years and any programs added since 2021 were identified by CEBC staff, the Scientific Panel, and/or the Advisory Committee. For these programs, neither Ms. Berliner nor Dr. Saunders were involved in identifying or rating them.

Programs

Modular Approach to Therapy for Children with Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, or Conduct Problems

MATCH-ADTC is a protocol that organizes modular manualized practices for childhood anxiety, depression, trauma, and disruptive behavior problems. The program combines 33 procedures into a single, flexible system and uses expert-designed flowcharts to organize the treatment plan to fit a child’s needs while fostering individualization to address comorbidity or therapeutic roadblocks. The protocol provides clear step-by-step instructions, activities, example scripts, time-saving tips, monitoring forms, and easy-to-read explanatory handouts and worksheets for individual sessions with children and their caregivers. Caregiver handouts are available in English, German, and Spanish.

Scientific Rating 1

EMOTION: ‘Coping Kids’ Managing Anxiety and Depression

Anxiety and depression are common and co-occur at high rates. EMOTION: “Coping Kids” Managing Anxiety and Depression is a transdiagnostic intervention designed to reduce the likelihood of the development of an anxiety and/or depressive disorder. EMOTION integrates the core components of research-supported treatments for children with anxiety/depression and targets common underlying processes and building skills that are typically helpful for addressing both anxiety and depression. The aim of the program and the homework is to emphasize how completing homework assignments helps children to practice and master new skills. The first half of the program aims to build skills, and the second half of the program involves activities such as behavioral activation and exposure. Meetings for parents are also part of the program.

Scientific Rating 2

Fostering Healthy Futures – Preteen

Fostering Healthy Futures - Preteen (FHF-P) is a mentoring and skills group program for preadolescent children (ages 9–11) who have current or previous child welfare involvement due to one or more adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). These ACEs may include the experience of maltreatment; out-of-home placement; instability in housing, caregivers, or schools; and/or parental substance use, mental illness, or incarceration.

Skills Groups: Children attend skills groups which meet for 1.5 hours/week for 30 weeks. The groups follow a manualized curriculum that combines cognitive-behavioral strategies with activities designed to help children process experiences related ACEs. For example, topics include: emotion recognition, problem solving, anger management, cultural identity, change and loss, and peer pressure. Multicultural stories and activities are integrated throughout.

Mentoring: Children receive 30 weeks of 1:1 mentoring (2-4 hours per week). Mentors work to: 1) create relationships with children that serve as positive examples for future relationships, 2) advocate for needed services, 3) help children generalize and practice skills learned in group, 4) engage children in educational, social, cultural, and recreational activities, and 5) promote positive future outlooks.

FHF-P targets risk and protective factors that have been identified as strong predictors of adolescent mental health problems, risk behaviors and associated outcomes.

Scientific Rating 2

Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents

The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents (UP-A) is a flexible, 8-module intervention for adolescents ages 12-17. The UP-A frames treatment strategies in the general language of strong or intense emotions so that it can be flexibly applied across a range of youth emotional concerns, including anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other problem areas related to strong emotions. Specifically, the goal of the UP-A is to reduce the intensity and frequency of negative emotions by extinguishing the distress and anxiety these emotions produce. The UP-A is designed to accomplish this goal through emotion-focused education, awareness techniques, cognitive strategies, problem-solving and an array of behavioral strategies, including a full-range of exposure and activation techniques. A caregiver module can be flexibly incorporated as needed to address caregiver behaviors that may contribute to emotional concerns in youth, including overprotection/accommodation, inconsistency, criticism, and modeling of strong emotions.

Scientific Rating 2

Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Children

The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Children (UP-C) is a 15-week group program for children ages 6-12 and families that can be easily adapted for individual therapy. The UP-C frames treatment strategies in the general language of strong or intense emotions so that it can be flexibly applied across a range of youth emotional concerns, including anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and other problem areas related to strong emotions. Specifically, the goal of the UP-C is to reduce the intensity and frequency of negative emotions by extinguishing the distress and anxiety these emotions produce. The UP-C is designed to accomplish this through emotion-focused education, awareness techniques, cognitive strategies, problem-solving, and an array of behavioral strategies, including a full-range of exposure and activation techniques. Caregiver materials focus on recognizing and shifting caregiver behaviors that contribute to emotional concerns in youth, including overprotection/accommodation, inconsistency, criticism, and modeling of strong emotions.

Scientific Rating 2

Common Elements Treatment Approach

Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA) is a multiproblem, flexible, and adaptable approach that includes cognitive-behavioral elements to address symptoms of anxiety, depression, traumatic stress, substance misuse, interpersonal violence, and other related issues (e.g., medical adherence, relationship problems). CETA can be used with youth (7–17) and can be provided in a variety of settings (e.g., community clinics, schools, health clinics). Administered by professional or lay providers, CETA can be used for prevention or treatment of these problems.

While CETA has been used with adults (18+), the CEBC has not reviewed its use with this population since it is not included in the Multiproblem Approaches topic area.

Scientific Rating NR

Enhanced Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT-E) for Adolescents with Eating Disorders

Enhanced Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT-E) for Adolescents with Eating Disorders has a transdiagnostic scope of the treatment which allows it to be used to treat the full range of disorders that occur in adolescent patients including anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). It can be used as an alternative to Family-Based Treatment.

Scientific Rating NR

FIRST: A Principal-Guided Approach to Evidence-Based Youth Psychotherapy

FIRST is a transdiagnostic synthesis of empirically supported treatment procedures for children and adolescents with disorders and problems involving anxiety (including OCD), depression, misconduct, and posttraumatic stress. The treatment program is organized around 5 empirically supported principles of therapeutic change:

  • Feeling Calm (skills in calming and self-regulation)
  • Increasing Motivation (skills, primarily for caregivers, in boosting motivation to change [e.g., praise, differential attention])
  • Repairing Thoughts (cognitive restructuring)
  • Solving Problems (skills in solving everyday problems rather than being overwhelmed by them)
  • Trying the Opposite (identifying and practicing the positive opposite of unhelpful behavior [examples: exposure for anxious avoidance, behavioral activation for depression])

Scientific Rating NR

Modular Evidence-Based Practices for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Modular Evidence Based Practices for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (MEYA) was formed from the program named SEBASTIEN which was formed from the program named Behavioral Interventions for Anxiety in Children with Autism (BIACA). MEYA is designed to be a comprehensive clinical training and clinical-decision-making personal assistant for clinicians working with youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in outpatient settings, hosted at UCLA. A Session Selector provides guidance to clinicians in choosing appropriate session content personalized to each child or youth throughout treatment. Clinicians are provided with brief training with video vignettes and concise checklists on implementing each session in the week prior to the upcoming session at a time that is convenient for them. Treatment materials such as goal charts, sample goals relevant to the client, cartoons, visual schedules, and session checklists are provided for each session.

The treatment length in MEYA is flexible from a few sessions to a few years of sessions, all based on the standard 1-hour-per-week outpatient model. Most types of clinical issues seen in youth with ASD, ranging from behavioral to emotional to social and friendship-related challenges are addressed in MEYA. Clinicians are given assistance in personalizing treatment for each client based on their presenting clinical characteristics, and clinicians have flexibility to change focus and implement practices in the most suitable way for their clients. MEYA focuses on positive practices that promote the alliance and clinical progress for a broad range of children and youth with ASD.

Scientific Rating NR

Programs

Modular Approach to Therapy for Children with Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, or Conduct Problems

MATCH-ADTC is a protocol that organizes modular manualized practices for childhood anxiety, depression, trauma, and disruptive behavior problems. The program combines 33 procedures into a single, flexible system and uses expert-designed flowcharts to organize the treatment plan to fit a child’s needs while fostering individualization to address comorbidity or therapeutic roadblocks. The protocol provides clear step-by-step instructions, activities, example scripts, time-saving tips, monitoring forms, and easy-to-read explanatory handouts and worksheets for individual sessions with children and their caregivers. Caregiver handouts are available in English, German, and Spanish.

Scientific Rating 1

EMOTION: ‘Coping Kids’ Managing Anxiety and Depression

Anxiety and depression are common and co-occur at high rates. EMOTION: “Coping Kids” Managing Anxiety and Depression is a transdiagnostic intervention designed to reduce the likelihood of the development of an anxiety and/or depressive disorder. EMOTION integrates the core components of research-supported treatments for children with anxiety/depression and targets common underlying processes and building skills that are typically helpful for addressing both anxiety and depression. The aim of the program and the homework is to emphasize how completing homework assignments helps children to practice and master new skills. The first half of the program aims to build skills, and the second half of the program involves activities such as behavioral activation and exposure. Meetings for parents are also part of the program.

Scientific Rating 2

Fostering Healthy Futures – Preteen

Fostering Healthy Futures - Preteen (FHF-P) is a mentoring and skills group program for preadolescent children (ages 9–11) who have current or previous child welfare involvement due to one or more adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). These ACEs may include the experience of maltreatment; out-of-home placement; instability in housing, caregivers, or schools; and/or parental substance use, mental illness, or incarceration.

Skills Groups: Children attend skills groups which meet for 1.5 hours/week for 30 weeks. The groups follow a manualized curriculum that combines cognitive-behavioral strategies with activities designed to help children process experiences related ACEs. For example, topics include: emotion recognition, problem solving, anger management, cultural identity, change and loss, and peer pressure. Multicultural stories and activities are integrated throughout.

Mentoring: Children receive 30 weeks of 1:1 mentoring (2-4 hours per week). Mentors work to: 1) create relationships with children that serve as positive examples for future relationships, 2) advocate for needed services, 3) help children generalize and practice skills learned in group, 4) engage children in educational, social, cultural, and recreational activities, and 5) promote positive future outlooks.

FHF-P targets risk and protective factors that have been identified as strong predictors of adolescent mental health problems, risk behaviors and associated outcomes.

Scientific Rating 2

Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents

The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents (UP-A) is a flexible, 8-module intervention for adolescents ages 12-17. The UP-A frames treatment strategies in the general language of strong or intense emotions so that it can be flexibly applied across a range of youth emotional concerns, including anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other problem areas related to strong emotions. Specifically, the goal of the UP-A is to reduce the intensity and frequency of negative emotions by extinguishing the distress and anxiety these emotions produce. The UP-A is designed to accomplish this goal through emotion-focused education, awareness techniques, cognitive strategies, problem-solving and an array of behavioral strategies, including a full-range of exposure and activation techniques. A caregiver module can be flexibly incorporated as needed to address caregiver behaviors that may contribute to emotional concerns in youth, including overprotection/accommodation, inconsistency, criticism, and modeling of strong emotions.

Scientific Rating 2

Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Children

The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Children (UP-C) is a 15-week group program for children ages 6-12 and families that can be easily adapted for individual therapy. The UP-C frames treatment strategies in the general language of strong or intense emotions so that it can be flexibly applied across a range of youth emotional concerns, including anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, and other problem areas related to strong emotions. Specifically, the goal of the UP-C is to reduce the intensity and frequency of negative emotions by extinguishing the distress and anxiety these emotions produce. The UP-C is designed to accomplish this through emotion-focused education, awareness techniques, cognitive strategies, problem-solving, and an array of behavioral strategies, including a full-range of exposure and activation techniques. Caregiver materials focus on recognizing and shifting caregiver behaviors that contribute to emotional concerns in youth, including overprotection/accommodation, inconsistency, criticism, and modeling of strong emotions.

Scientific Rating 2

Common Elements Treatment Approach

Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA) is a multiproblem, flexible, and adaptable approach that includes cognitive-behavioral elements to address symptoms of anxiety, depression, traumatic stress, substance misuse, interpersonal violence, and other related issues (e.g., medical adherence, relationship problems). CETA can be used with youth (7–17) and can be provided in a variety of settings (e.g., community clinics, schools, health clinics). Administered by professional or lay providers, CETA can be used for prevention or treatment of these problems.

While CETA has been used with adults (18+), the CEBC has not reviewed its use with this population since it is not included in the Multiproblem Approaches topic area.

Scientific Rating NR

Enhanced Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT-E) for Adolescents with Eating Disorders

Enhanced Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT-E) for Adolescents with Eating Disorders has a transdiagnostic scope of the treatment which allows it to be used to treat the full range of disorders that occur in adolescent patients including anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). It can be used as an alternative to Family-Based Treatment.

Scientific Rating NR

FIRST: A Principal-Guided Approach to Evidence-Based Youth Psychotherapy

FIRST is a transdiagnostic synthesis of empirically supported treatment procedures for children and adolescents with disorders and problems involving anxiety (including OCD), depression, misconduct, and posttraumatic stress. The treatment program is organized around 5 empirically supported principles of therapeutic change:

  • Feeling Calm (skills in calming and self-regulation)
  • Increasing Motivation (skills, primarily for caregivers, in boosting motivation to change [e.g., praise, differential attention])
  • Repairing Thoughts (cognitive restructuring)
  • Solving Problems (skills in solving everyday problems rather than being overwhelmed by them)
  • Trying the Opposite (identifying and practicing the positive opposite of unhelpful behavior [examples: exposure for anxious avoidance, behavioral activation for depression])

Scientific Rating NR

Modular Evidence-Based Practices for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Modular Evidence Based Practices for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (MEYA) was formed from the program named SEBASTIEN which was formed from the program named Behavioral Interventions for Anxiety in Children with Autism (BIACA). MEYA is designed to be a comprehensive clinical training and clinical-decision-making personal assistant for clinicians working with youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in outpatient settings, hosted at UCLA. A Session Selector provides guidance to clinicians in choosing appropriate session content personalized to each child or youth throughout treatment. Clinicians are provided with brief training with video vignettes and concise checklists on implementing each session in the week prior to the upcoming session at a time that is convenient for them. Treatment materials such as goal charts, sample goals relevant to the client, cartoons, visual schedules, and session checklists are provided for each session.

The treatment length in MEYA is flexible from a few sessions to a few years of sessions, all based on the standard 1-hour-per-week outpatient model. Most types of clinical issues seen in youth with ASD, ranging from behavioral to emotional to social and friendship-related challenges are addressed in MEYA. Clinicians are given assistance in personalizing treatment for each client based on their presenting clinical characteristics, and clinicians have flexibility to change focus and implement practices in the most suitable way for their clients. MEYA focuses on positive practices that promote the alliance and clinical progress for a broad range of children and youth with ASD.

Scientific Rating NR