Parents of children (age 3-8 years old) who are noncompliant and have related disruptive behavior/conduct problems
New parents, grandparents, teachers and healthcare professionals
Adolescents with bipolar disorder and their family members
Adults with drug abuse and dependence, as well as other co-existing problems such as depression, family dysfunction, trauma, child maltreatment, noncompliance, employment, HIV/STIs risk behavior, and poor communication skills
Youth (11-17) with drug abuse and dependence, as well as other co-existing problems
Parents receiving methadone treatment and their children ages 5-14
Children and adolescents who have experienced trauma; research has been conducted on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), posttraumatic stress, phobias, and other mental health disorders
African-American families at risk for child maltreatment
Substance-abusing runaway adolescents (12-17) and their family members who are willing to have the adolescents live in their homes
8 to 14 year old children whose aggression puts them at risk for later delinquency
