Program Language: Kinyarwandan

The Community Resiliency Model (CRM)® is a set of six biologically based wellness skills used for self-care that can be practiced by participants to stabilize emotions, ideally resulting in more adaptive thinking when facing emotional and physical distress. CRM's key aim is to inform individuals about the biological responses associated with trauma, stress, and resilience and to learn skills that aid in resetting and stabilizing the nervous system. CRM's six core skills -- Tracking, Resourcing, Grounding, Gesturing, Help Now!, and Shift and Stay -- can be taught through CRM Workshops or shared informally by “CRM Teachers” and “CRM Guides'' who have received training in its strategies. People trained may be professionals or natural leaders within communities, including teachers, ministers, healthcare workers, therapists, first responders, and lay persons. The skills are adaptable across different cultural and religious contexts, enhancing CRM’s accessibility and inclusiveness.

While CRM can be used with many different target populations, this entry is focused only on its use with professionals who work in trauma-exposed organizations or situations and experience secondary traumatic stress. The CEBC Scientific Rating is based on research articles with studies evaluating only this use.

TRM is a mind-body approach to treating trauma consisting of nine skills that focus on sensory awareness for regulating emotions. The program is designed to develop a more realistic self-appraisal and an increased sense of well-being. Symptoms are viewed as common biological responses to stress and trauma rather than pathological or mental weakness. Clients learn that when the body’s natural survival responses are thwarted, multisensory cues can remind them of the traumatic event as if it is happening in the present moment. Clients are introduced to the first six wellness skills of TRM (i.e., the Community Resiliency Model (CRM)®) for self-care and to help manage distress connected to reminders of their traumatic experience. The remaining three trauma reprocessing skills – Titration, Pendulation, and Completing Survival Responses – can then be used to gently reprocess the traumatic experience. TRM can be implemented as a stand-alone intervention but can also be integrated into other treatment modalities.

TRM can also be used with adults, but the CEBC has not reviewed the program in this capacity.

Parents as Teachers™ is a home visiting model that promotes the optimal early development, learning, and health of children by supporting and engaging their parents and caregivers. The home visiting model can be offered prenatally through kindergarten and can be replicated by various types of organizations including health departments, nonprofit organizations, hospitals, and school districts.

The Parents as Teachers model offers a cohesive package of services for families with young children and is framed around four dynamic components: Personal Visits, Group Connections, Child Screenings, and Resource Network. These components are guided by explicit fidelity and quality standards that guide program service delivery and replication of the program.

Parents as Teachers home visiting professionals meet families where they are comfortable; each personal visit includes a focus on parent-child interaction, development-centered parenting, and family well-being.