Age of Child: 3

Children ages birth to 12 and their adult caregivers

Mothers (e.g., biological, adoptive, foster, etc.) of child(ren) ages 0 (during pregnancy) to 6 years, where the mothers are experiencing adversity, have past experiences of trauma or abuse, and/or current mental health challenges (e.g., posttraumatic stress and/or depression symptoms)

Parents with children ages 0-17 at risk of having their children enter foster care or who are in the process of reunification with their children

Families who have a child leave the foster care system into a permanent placement. For adoptive families, children must have a finalized adoption, be under 21 at time of services, and reside within service area

Families who are involved with child welfare services due to physical abuse and/or neglect plus parental substance misuse

Families, specifically parents and their infants/toddlers ages 0 (during pregnancy) to 36 months, who present with challenges to the parent-child relationship, and/or have environmental or familial concerns that place their children at risk for developing a variety of emotional, behavioral, social, and cognitive delays

Potential and current kinship caregivers such as grandparents, other relatives (aunts/uncles, older siblings, etc.), and "fictive kin," (e.g., godparents, close family friends, etc.) of children involved in child welfare systems (children aged 0 to 21)

Families with limited income, raising children birth to age six with multiple stressors

Informal and formal kinship families, relatives, and nonrelatives raising children who are not being raised by parents

Communities across 5 regions that cover 14 geographic areas in Los Angeles County where low birth rate, low performing schools and poverty are among risk factors for young children, along with geographic, racial, and ethnic diversity. The communities also possessed community infrastructure, community leadership, and commitment to partnership with First 5 LA.